China had already developed relatively complete percussion drilling equipment and technology in the 11th century. The earliest rotary drilling rig appeared in Switzerland in the late 19th century, which was powered by human labor at that time, and later steam engines were used as power. In the 20th century, electric motors and internal combustion engines replaced steam engines. Since the early 1950s, it has developed into a combination of mechanical and hydraulic forms, with an increase in transmission levels and some parameters being controlled by instruments.